Zwartia vadi sp. nov., a Novel Species of the GKS98 Cluster Isolated from a Stream, and the Reclassification of ‘Achromobacter Panacis’ as Zwartia panacis comb. nov

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile by gliding, and rod-shaped bacterium, designated IMCC34845^T, was isolated from a freshwater stream in the Republic of Korea. The results of 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analyses showed that strain IMCC34845^T was affiliated with the genus Zwartia and was most closely related to ‘Achromobacter panacis’ DCY105^T (100%) and Zwartia hollandica LF4-65^T (98.9%). The whole-genome sequence of strain IMCC34845^T was 3.2 Mbp in size with a 51.5% DNA G+C content. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between strain IMCC34845^T and ‘Achromobacter panacis’ KCTC 42751^T were 77.7% and 20.7%, respectively, revealing that they are independent species. Moreover, the strains IMCC34845^T and KCTC 42751^T exhibited ≤ 72.5% ANI and ≤18.5% dDDH values with closely related species Zwartia hollandica LF4-65^T, further supporting that the two strains represent each novel species of the genus. The major respiratory quinone of strain IMCC34845^T was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8), and the predominant cellular fatty acids were C_16:0 (41.3%) and C_17:0 cyclo (34.5%). The major polar lipids of the strain were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, unidentified phospholipids, and unidentified aminolipids. Based on the phylogenetic, genomic, physiological, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain IMCC34845^T was considered to represent a novel species within the genus Zwartia, for which the name Zwartia vadi sp. nov. is proposed. The type of strain is IMCC34845^T (=KCTC 92920^T = NBRC 114902^T). Furthermore, based on the taxonomic data, ‘Achromobacter panacis’ is proposed to be reclassified as Zwartia panacis comb. nov.